Abstract: The study of vehicles traveling at hypersonic speeds is extremely complex and involves many non-equilibrium physical phenomena occurring on broad time and length scales. For gas flow around a ...

Concept-driven preparation of these high-yield Physical Chemistry chapters can turn fear into assured marks in JEE Main, ...

A hot gas dissociates very quickly, on the order of microseconds. One might think we could neglect the speed of dissociation, then, and model the gas in an equilibrium state. However, many things ...