Neuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The ...

Markov logic networks (MLNs) reconcile two opposing schools in machine learning and artificial intelligence: causal networks, which account for uncertainty extremely well, and first-order logic, which ...

We often express our thoughts in words to communicate ideas, present arguments or make decisions. But what format and structure do these thoughts take in the brain? In the fields of philosophy, ...

Think wasps are all stings and no intellect? Not quite. A new study from the University of Michigan revealed that there's evidence that paper wasps are actually quite smart, behaving in shockingly ...

Within the first year of life, children can make transitive inferences about a social hierarchy of dominance. Human infants are capable of deductive problem solving as early as 10 months of age, a new ...

Even with brains smaller than a grain of rice, paper wasps have the ability to use a form of reasoning once thought to exist only in humans, a University of Michigan study has found. The study ...

This course is available on the MPhil/PhD in Philosophy. This course is not available as an outside option to students on other programmes. The course is, in general, only aimed at those students who ...

When we think about the smartest animals, chimpanzees are usually the first to come to mind. Experiments show that they can memorize sequences of numbers, learn the meaning of words and associate ...

We often express our thoughts in words to communicate ideas, present arguments or make decisions. But what format and structure do these thoughts take in the brain? In the fields of philosophy, ...