The second heart sound (S2) is produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The sound produced by the closure of the aortic valve is termed A2, and the sound produced by the closure of ...

Disease of the cardiac valves and other cardiac structures frequently results in abnormal, turbulent blood flow within the heart, causing murmurs. Careful auscultation of heart murmurs is an extremely ...

When a doctor listens to the heart of a person with a heart murmur, they may hear a whooshing, swishing, humming, or rasping sound. This is due to rapid, turbulent blood flow through the heart.